Sunday 31 December 2023

Bottling the red

The ingenious bottling machine. 

The Rondo red wine had settled out nicely and we determined it was time to bottle it. Fermentation was complete, there was no yeast remaining after flocculation, no bubbles rose up when open so CO2 was ok, and it had clarity. The smell was really pleasant, the colour was gorgeous, and it was dry but full of flavour. It needs time to mature but we determined it was ready to bottle. Brix measured 6 so it's low alcohol at 3.3% ABV.

I ran the bottle filler while Alex did the corking again. The bottle filler is a real pleasure to use. Perfect volume every time. Stops when full. Easy peasy. But it does look like an IV blood transfusion in action. 

So we have 11 bottles plus one more that contains the remaining wine that we decanted off the flocculant. It's now out in the cold shed on the wine rack where it will stay for a minimum of six months. 




We then set to washing the clear bottles for the white wine and the remaining cider. We'll do those tomorrow after checking the white for clarity. All the neighbours got cider and honey for Christmas so we need to replenish our supplies. 





Happy New Year one and all! Here's to peace and joy in 2024. 

Wednesday 27 December 2023

Storm Gerrit causing damage


Alex spotted five broken poles at the top of the vineyard with the vines on the ground at 90 degree angles. The poor Albarino vines were sitting in pools of water so he dug channels to allow the water to escape. The land is just sodden with all the rain. One solitary rose remained in bloom. It will be time to prune the vines soon. Quite a few other flowers are blooming as it has been much warmer than normal this December. And I believe the grass is growing but there's not much we can do about it. It's bad to even walk the land. 



Sunday 24 December 2023

Happy Christmas!

 



It's Christmas Eve and we are going to have a quiet evening at home with the kitties after visiting all the neighbours with gifts from our 'farm'. Cider and honey plus a bottle of cheer. Perhaps next year it will be our wine that goes in instead. 

The weather has been pretty dismal -- wet and windy but warm. The experts are predicting that 2023 is already the warmest year on record

The Christmas tree is up and the presents wrapped. The cookie dough is made as is the apple cake. Christmas borscht is ready for consumption. Tonight a simple Ukrainian-style meal. Tomorrow I bake the duck. 

Happy Christmas to all and to all a good night!




Thursday 21 December 2023

Wine production since 1995

To see this as a really cool video graphic, click here. 

According to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) as reported by Statista, Italy has been the world’s largest wine producer for 9 of the past 10 years with an annual production of roughly 50 million hectoliters or five billion liters. France holds its ground against Italy with an average annual production of around 45 million hectoliters over the past decade. Spain completes the triumvirate of European wine superpowers, with everyone else trailing far behind. 

Today, a report was issued for the 2023 harvest in GB, the best yield ever. Although it's impossible to gather exactly what the wine production was from this self-reported survey, they have 3,400 ha planted today with a yield of 30.1 hectolitres per hectare (hl-ha) this year, which would result in a total yield of 102,340 hl compared with 48M for Italy. They expect it to more than double by 2032. 

That's a drop in the very large bucket. 





Wednesday 20 December 2023

Phaseout of Roundup in Napa

 


Napa Green Executive Director Anna Brittain has announced a change in their sustainability certification. Napa Green’s goal is to phase out all synthetic herbicides, beginning with glyphosate, the controversial ingredient of Roundup manufactured by Monsanto. Herbicides don't just kill the weeds, they also affect the soil structure and all the things that live in the soil -- the microbes, lichens, fungi, and protozoans. This leads to loss of biodiversity, soil compaction, and water retention. 

Besides, it's really hard to talk about terroir when you're killing everything that contributes to it. Monoculture does not support complexity. Nutrient deficiencies in soil treated with herbicides can result from the loss of organic matter. That does not happen when you mow or introduce animals like sheep to control the undergrowth.

Aside from the fact that glyphosate is a potential carcinogen and its likely contribution to the global loss of pollinator species, it stays behind in the soil and gets into the vines and wines. 

We have never and will never use herbicides in the vineyard. The field has had animals -- herbivores --grazing it for years. It never received any treatment so our terroir is as natural as it gets. And it's going to stay that way. 

Regenerative practices are a natural proactive approach to farm health. If the soil and plants are healthy enough they support each other and are able to fight off pests and disease. It’s a paradigm shift. Perhaps it looks less manicured, but it also looks natural. We need to get used to that look. We need to stop thinking about weeds and start calling them the biodiverse support team.



Tuesday 19 December 2023

Sodden fields

Standing water in the field

We've had so much rain  - not quite as much as in Cairns or Charleston SC - but the fields have had standing water for some time now.  The last few days were just gray and dreary and dark. It was hard to wake up in the morning or to get the energy to get anything done. But the weather has been unseasonably warm.  

Today, we've had showers alternating with sunshine, so it has been reasonably nice. That is to change tomorrow. We're about to have a very strange pattern -- for the next three days, we are going to have nonstop rain, high winds, and little temperature fluctuation. It will be 10C or 11C day and night until Sunday when it will go up to 12C. On Monday, Christmas Day, they are forecasting 8C and partial sunshine. 

In preparation for Christmas, I did the food shopping today. It was very busy in town. We're going to have borscht for Christmas Eve, duck on Christmas Day, and venison on Stephen's Day, all accompanied by some very fine wines. 

Moody Holy Mountain. 

Waves in the water barrel stirred p by the wind. 


Saturday 16 December 2023

Crud in the cider


One of the remaining bottles of cider that we were waiting to settle out particulates developed a floating crud on top. It doesn't look like mold but rather like round balls of yeast. I siphoned it out with a pipette and we'll see if it comes back. The other bottle is fine. There was no odor associated. 

Thursday 14 December 2023

RIP Miljenko Grgich



'Mike' Grgich, as he was known, passed away yesterday at the age of 100. He was born on 1 April 1923 in the village of Desne, Yugoslavia, which is now Croatia, into a winemaking family producing in the coastal region of Dalmatia. He is the winemaker behind the 1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay that bested several white Burgundy wines in the 1976 blind wine-tasting event that became known as the Judgement of Paris. It was his wine that brought Napa to the world stage. This tasting helped shatter the myth that only French soil could produce the world’s greatest wines 

Grgich attended the University of Zagreb where he studied viticulture and enology. When he learned about California he wanted to leave the then-communist Yugoslavia to become a winemaker there. In 1954, he obtained a fellowship to study in West Germany. From there he emigrated to Canada and upon receiving a job offer from a winery in California, Mike took his place in history. 

Mike worked at several wineries in Napa Valley — including Souverain Winery, Christian Brothers Cellars, Beaulieu Vineyard (working alongside André Tchelistcheff), and Robert Mondavi Winery.  Mike’s first vintage at Robert Mondavi, a 1969 Cabernet Sauvignon, was entered into a blind tasting of California cabs and was ranked #1. Afterward, Grgich became the winemaker and limited partner at Chateau Montelena. His 1973 vintage Chardonnay at Chateau Montelena was selected to compete in the historic Paris Wine Tasting of 1976, where it was ranked the number one white wine. A Cabernet Sauvignon made by Mike’s Napa neighbor, Warren Winiarski of Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars, was named the top red wine. A dramatized version of the story is told in the 2008 film Bottle Shock which did not depict Grgich because "he did not want to be part of it."

This success permitted Mike to establish his own winery, Grgich Hills Cellar in Rutherford, California, together with business partner Austin Hills, after he and his sister sold Hills Brothers Coffee. The winery, which changed names to Grgich Hills Estate in 2006, owns 366 acres (148 ha) of vineyards and produces 70,000 cases of wine each year. Its very first vintage won the Great Chardonnay Showdown, with 221 competitors from countries around the world.

In recognition of his contributions to the wine industry, Grgich was inducted into the Culinary Institute of America's Vintner's Hall of Fame on March 7, 2008. The tribute came as Grgich was celebrating his 50th vintage of winemaking in Napa Valley. He was also named winner of the James Beard Award.  Today, the dark blue beret for which he was famous, the suitcase he carried to America, and a bottle of his 1973 Chardonnay that won the Paris Tasting are on display in the Smithsonian National Museum of American History.

His winery announced his death on December 13, 2023. A Croatian TV documentary about his life, “Like the Old Vine,” won the Grand Jury’s Special Award from France’s Oenovideo Film Festival. Mike's wife, Tatjana Grgich also Yugoslavian born, passed away in 2020. His daughter Violet, now runs the winery he founded.

"I realized that you don’t make wine only with your head and your senses. You make wine with your heart."

Miljenko "Mike" Grgich

Tuesday 12 December 2023

Warmer Climes

 


With the recent temperature anomalies heading into uncharted territory, perhaps we should be buying land in Iceland to future-proof our holdings. After all, Ireland is just one sea away from Iceland. 

Sunday 10 December 2023

Copernicus reports that 2023 will be the warmest year on record



The remarkable year continues, with the warmest boreal autumn ever.

The boreal autumn September–November 2023 was the warmest on record globally by a large margin, with an average temperature of 15.30°C, which is 0.88°C above average.

The European average temperature for September–November 2023 was 10.96°C, which is 1.43°C above average. This made the boreal autumn 2023 the second warmest on record, just 0.03°C cooler than autumn 2020.

November 2023 was the warmest November on record globally, with an average surface air temperature of 14.22°C, 0.85°C above the 1991-2020 average for November and 0.32°C above the temperature of the previous warmest November, in 2020.

Copernicus reports that November broke multiple records. November 2023 was about 1.75°C warmer than an estimate of the November average for 1850-1900, the designated pre-industrial reference period. The average sea surface temperature for November 2023 over 60°S–60°N was the highest on record for November at 0.25 °C warmer than the second warmest November, in 2015.

For January to November, the calendar year to date, the global mean temperature for 2023 is the highest on record, 1.46°C above the 1850-1900 pre-industrial average, and 0.13°C higher than the eleven-month average for 2016, currently the warmest calendar year on record.

Copernicus November 2023


Drought in rainy places


A new study of forests suffering from climate change has suggested that forests in typically wet climates may be more vulnerable than those already adapted to drier environments. That's my premise with vines: the roots remain shallower in wetter regions, whereas in drier regions they have to grow deeper to find water.

I don't know if that's been proven, but it's why the first couple of years, we let the vines grow very long above ground, hoping that would encourage them to grow equally long roots below ground. We had 6 weeks with almost no rain early this year followed by 6 weeks of extraordinary rain and the vines thrived. So I am hopeful that my strategy for adaptation to a shifting climate worked. 


Drought sensitivity in mesic forests heightens their vulnerability to climate change

ROBERT HEILMAYR, JOAN DUDNEY, AND FRANCES C. MOORE 

SCIENCE

7 Dec 2023

Vol 382, Issue 6675

pp. 1171-1177

DOI: 10.1126/science.adi1071


Editor’s summary

The increase in drought conditions caused by climate change threatens tree growth and survival. Heilmayr et al. investigated whether trees are most stressed by drought in relatively wet or dry regions. In drier areas, trees increasingly experience more severe conditions but may also be better adapted to withstand drought. Using tree ring measurement records from more than 100 tree species, the authors found that trees growing in the wetter parts of their range are more drought-sensitive, and hot, wet regions are predicted to have the greatest declines in growth under future climate change. Therefore, land management and policy focused solely on drought effects in drier regions will underestimate climate change vulnerability in forests. —Bianca Lopez

Abstract

Climate change is shifting the structure and function of global forests, underscoring the critical need to predict which forests are most vulnerable to a hotter and drier future. We analyzed 6.6 million tree rings from 122 species to assess trees’ sensitivity to water and energy availability. We found that trees growing in wetter portions of their range exhibit the greatest drought sensitivity. To test how these patterns of drought sensitivity influence vulnerability to climate change, we predicted tree growth through 2100. Our results suggest that drought adaptations in arid regions will partially buffer trees against climate change. By contrast, trees growing in the wetter, hotter portions of their climatic range may experience unexpectedly large adverse impacts under climate change.

Wednesday 6 December 2023

The warmest November on record globally

November 2023 was the warmest November on record globally, with an average surface air temperature 0.85°C above the 1991-2020 average for November and 0.32°C above the temperature of the previous warmest November, in 2020. Europe was not affected as much as some other regions. 

Air temperatures were above average over large parts of the ocean, associated with the continuation of record sea-surface temperatures.



Monday 4 December 2023

First frost

 


I awoke this morning to frost on the lawn. Croach Patrick is snow-capped, and the brilliant sunshine is not warming this chilled earth. Yesterday we had frozen fog all day. It was bitterly, bone-chilling cold. It never burned off. I guess that means the clocks will be reset for all living things out of doors. I don't believe we had much frost last year, so perhaps some of the insects will die off. 









Saturday 2 December 2023

Spotlight on Clew Bay


The indicators were out that December 1 could bring a spectacular display of Northern lights as a big CME struck Earth's magnetic field, sparking a strong G3-class geomagnetic storm igniting auroras in both hemispheres. We got all excited as it was a clear night -- finally a chance to see the aurora borealis. We walked up to the shed and then drove in the RTV up the hill. The ground was dry enough. 

When we got to the top, there was nothing to see but the gorgeous moon, like a spotlight on Clew Bay. What a beautiful place to be on top of the world. 


But no aurora in the northern sky. 

Friday 1 December 2023

November Monthly climate figures


    
Sunset in Dublin 16:11 Friday 1 December 2023 (GMT)

At 209.6 mm our rainfall was not out of line for November, nor was our temperature. We had slightly lower soil temperature and above-average solar radiation. Nothing extraordinary though. 

We've had cold dry weather this week. It feels rather nice -- festive almost. At this time of year, the sun rises about a quarter after 8 and sets about a quarter after 4. That makes for a very short day. It will, of course, continue to get shorter until 21 Dec when it starts going the other way. I love the 22nd Dec! 


MONTHLY DATA - NEWPORT FURNACE



Monthly values for NEWPORT up to 30-nov-2023

Total rainfall in millimetres for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
2023183.291.6188.4121.148.577.9206.8139.8142.4144.7209.6n/a1554.0
202298.8260.467.884.0107.0148.059.2104.197.3233.9187.5154.61602.6
2021225.6147.6141.145.6113.564.159.7155.6137.0265.7183.3186.61725.4
2020139.5342.8178.225.554.7164.5187.9137.9153.4228.0206.6232.72051.7
LTA166.7126.5141.296.894.789.7100.9132.5131.5176.0170.4180.21607.1

Mean temperature in degrees Celsius for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
20236.68.07.69.913.317.414.915.815.211.98.7n/a11.8
20227.27.18.09.912.613.815.916.2n/a12.29.45.210.7
20215.06.77.99.010.413.317.516.415.211.99.37.610.9
20207.26.06.611.012.813.814.416.013.810.59.16.110.6
LTA6.16.17.39.011.513.815.415.413.510.88.36.510.3

Mean 10cm soil temperature for NEWPORT at 0900 UTC

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
20235.26.86.69.113.718.616.316.314.711.17.6n/a11.5
20226.26.26.39.313.214.816.816.6n/a11.58.44.410.4
20213.65.06.88.210.914.317.916.315.211.38.66.610.4
20205.74.75.49.713.014.814.916.313.79.58.05.110.1
LTAn/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a

Global Solar Radiation in Joules/cm2 for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
202362451063921429372775573258473417973685729338162258326n/a322338
2022631110756333994055551569472464843951169n/a1598878696167319468
2021662013347203704569455690454884945540490224131635872353780326940
2020626310808245454619258476435374021540555255581848763195209326164
LTAn/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a

Potential Evapotranspiration (mm) for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
202314.320.933.056.483.3100.670.164.450.126.114.2n/a533.4
202213.723.047.260.677.776.080.482.0n/a27.217.29.2514.2
20217.622.930.762.976.370.787.867.538.325.114.114.6518.5
202017.621.935.070.291.672.966.266.442.728.113.610.4536.6
LTAn/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a

Evaporation (mm) for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual
202318.828.247.681.6118.2137.199.589.167.835.518.4n/a741.8
202217.932.466.586.8114.5109.2111.1113.2n/a37.022.011.4722.0
202110.932.145.489.9111.2102.0117.293.552.134.718.619.1726.7
202022.431.951.898.9130.8104.894.392.759.138.818.113.6757.2
LTAn/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a

Degree Days Below 15.5 Degree Celsius for NEWPORT

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecTotal
20232752102461718518392653118203N/AN/A
202225623423517197633028N/A103185320N/A
2021325247236200167792023401141872451883
2020257276275143111735531711561932911935

Notes on the Data

Evaporation and PE data are calculated using Penman/Monteith formulae.
The ‘LTA’ (referred to within a table) is average for the climatological long-term-average (LTA) reference period 1981-2010.
Data updated daily at Mid-day.