The remarkable year continues, with the warmest boreal autumn ever.
The boreal autumn September–November 2023 was the warmest on record globally by a large margin, with an average temperature of 15.30°C, which is 0.88°C above average.
The European average temperature for September–November 2023 was 10.96°C, which is 1.43°C above average. This made the boreal autumn 2023 the second warmest on record, just 0.03°C cooler than autumn 2020.
November 2023 was the warmest November on record globally, with an average surface air temperature of 14.22°C, 0.85°C above the 1991-2020 average for November and 0.32°C above the temperature of the previous warmest November, in 2020.
Copernicus reports that November broke multiple records. November 2023 was about 1.75°C warmer than an estimate of the November average for 1850-1900, the designated pre-industrial reference period. The average sea surface temperature for November 2023 over 60°S–60°N was the highest on record for November at 0.25 °C warmer than the second warmest November, in 2015.
For January to November, the calendar year to date, the global mean temperature for 2023 is the highest on record, 1.46°C above the 1850-1900 pre-industrial average, and 0.13°C higher than the eleven-month average for 2016, currently the warmest calendar year on record.
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