Wine production in Ireland

Old Roots Vineyard in County Wexford planted more than 11,000 vines in 2015, the same year we planted our first ten. They are producing wine and bottling in small bottles for the hospitality trade. They have 8 varieties and planting more. Their winery, which has capacity for 25,000 bottles, first produced wine in 2019 and RTE interviewed them about winemaking in Ireland. 

In the article, they mention there are others including in Mayo. That would be us!

Meanwhile, an article in the Guardian reveals there are 24 vineyards in Yorkshire and 2 in Scotland. According to the Guardian, there are now 943 vineyards in the UK, almost triple the number 20 years ago, according to a report published in June 2023 by WineGB.

Blowin' in the wind

The weather is pretty nasty today as Storm Jimmy barrels through dropping much-needed rain and strong gusty winds. The strongest gust so far is 49.1 knots but the worst is yet to come they say. We got almost 5 mm rain overnight. 

I hope the vines don't suffer too much damage. I'm glad I gave them a lift up onto the trellises. I hope they had enough time to get a grip. 

Progress in the vineyard

The vines are looking good despite very little rainfall this month. Today's vineyard chore was to raise the canes up onto the trellises and to snip the ends of rapidly growing vines. There's a gale on the way and today is quite windy gusting into the 20s, so I didn't want them to get whipped around and damaged by the wind.  It was quite easy to snip them this year as it was very clear where the florets stopped forming. 

I just love being in the vineyard. 

Met Éireann today issued a report called Translate. It's a unified approach to predict the extent of climate change effects and develop services to help with mitigation and adaptation. TRANSLATE1990 was  9.5C. In the period from 1991-2020 it was 10.25C. That's 0.75 higher in just 30 years. Our mean annual rainfall for the first period was 1261.50. In the more recent period, it was 1380.9 mm. 

Interestingly, we've always known we had a microclimate but our specific area of Clew Bay seems to have experienced less change than parts of Connemara and the southwest. This is their prediction for Mayo in a 1.5C increased climate. 

Mayo in a 1.5 degree world.

The mean annual air temperature in Mayo is projected to be 10.08°C in a 1.5-degree world. Average winter and summer precipitation rates are projected to be 5.36 mm/day and 3.10mm/day respectively.

A summary of change values (relative to 1976-2005) are shown below, along with ranges calculated from the 10th-90th percentile of the TRANSLATE ensemble.

Variable	1.5°C GWL
Annual Mean Temperature (°C)	0.72 (0.34 to 0.97)
Mean Winter Minimum Temperature (°C)	0.64 (0.17 to 1.11)
Mean Summer Maximum Temperature (°C)	0.64 (0.34 to 1.13)
Winter Precipitation Rate (%)	6.21 (0.04 to 13.72)
Summer Precipitation Rate (%)	0.80 (-11.78 to 10.70)

Developmental status

A little rain followed by a lot of sun and everything is in super growth mode. The Rondo florets are quite prolific and robust, as are the Solaris. The Pinot Noir has many florets and is slightly behind in development. I only saw one on the Chardonnay vines and it was just beginning. So the experiment is pointing toward Pinot Noir as a potential major contributor. 

On other fronts, we had a feed of mange toute, peas and beans last night. Broad beans are very satisfying to grow, but way too much work to be worthwhile, requiring shelling, parboiling and removal of the skins before contemplating eating them. The raspberries are scruptious and the strawberries are on their way. Yum. 

Pinot Noir

Pinot Noir

Pinot Noir

Rondo

Solaris

The only Chardonnay bunch visible

Purple spotted orchid

Broad beans

Strawberries

No summer yet

Yesterday evening was the summer solstice, but it was already getting dark by 7:30, not at all the longest day of the year. Jean Duff and her friends from DC, Mary and Henry, stopped by in the afternoon to visit the vineyard. Henry is an oenophile and brought a very interesting bottle of Rioja along. We gave them the grand tour.

Curiously, the vines are still growing straight up. The Albarino looks pitiful but the Pinot Noir has lots of florets. It was a fun afternoon with very nice people. It became very cloudy but did not rain. Today it is raining and we need it. We need rain and warmth. Our temperature so far has averaged 12.2C. The LTA is 13.8C and May came in at 13.1. It is to warm up into the 20s next week but then return to 'normal'. I hope we don't have a repeat of last year's July with twice the normal rainfall. 

NOAA has announced that El Nino is over and we are now in a period of neutrality before La Nina sets in. We've had our first tropical storm, Alberto, of the Atlantic Hurricane season. The daily SST is still in record territory so the season, though late starting, could still be potentially intense as forecast. Nothing is normal so it is hard to predict.

June is cold - brrrrr!

 

Last night the temperature dropped to 4C. Today it's overcast and downright cold. They said it was to be 15C mid-day, but with the breeze, it feels damned cold. Wearing fleece and quilted vest and still chilled. 

Saturday was lovely and sunny, and we had visitors for pizza lunch and a tour of the vineyard and hilltop. Sunday, it was drizzly and cool all day and we went for the open garden tour at Drimbawn in Tourmakeady. It was very enjoyable despite the weather. The head gardener, Frank Steffens, said he has been thinking about planting a vineyard on his own land, a South-facing slope, if he ever finds the money and the time. I learned a lot by studying what they've done there. They've come a long way since we were there last perhaps 5 or so years ago. 

The forecast for tomorrow is 3-5C overnight and 15C max during the day but at least it won't be windy. I don't know about this year's crop. The new growth is climbing vertically for some reason. In prior years it has always growth horizontally. The strawberries are growing up to the sky as well. Perhaps they are reaching for the sun?

Hattie enjoying the view.

May was the warmest on record

Met Eireann has reported that May 2024 was the warmest on record, with an average temperature of 13.08C. It is only the second time in recorded history that the temperature in May exceeded 13C. This is 2.53 degrees above the 1961-1990 long-term average (LTA) or 1.74 degrees above the 1991-2020 LTA for May.

The global average temperature for the past 12 months (May 2023 – April 2024) is the highest on record, at 0.73°C above the 1991-2020 average and 1.61°C above the 1850-1900 pre-industrial average.  And this May is likely to extend the streak, especially given record high sea surface temperatures. 

May weather

Wow, May was dry for the second year in a row, almost identical to last year. The temp was 1.6C above the LTA and nearly identical to last year. The soil temperature was also warmer than the LTA and similar to the past two years. Is this a new pattern emerging?  I know two years doesn't make a conclusive statement, just sayin'.

Mexico is burning up with Merida having consistent daytime temperatures in the 40C+ range, and it is almost out of water. India is burning up, too. Yet the countries most vulnerable to climate change are Chad, Somalia, Syria, DRC and Afghanistan. I feel hot and dry just thinking about these places. 

Thankfully, we are fortunate in green lush surroundings. 

Monthly values for NEWPORT up to 01-jun-2024

Total rainfall in millimetres for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	125.7	197.5	152.5	119.4	48.8	0.0							643.9
2023	183.2	91.6	188.4	121.1	48.5	77.9	206.8	139.8	142.4	144.7	209.6	293.8	1847.8
2022	98.8	260.4	67.8	84.0	107.0	148.0	59.2	104.1	97.3	233.9	187.5	154.6	1602.6
2021	225.6	147.6	141.1	45.6	113.5	64.1	59.7	155.6	137.0	265.7	183.3	186.6	1725.4
LTA	166.7	126.5	141.2	96.8	94.7	89.7	100.9	132.5	131.5	176.0	170.4	180.2	1607.1

Mean temperature in degrees Celsius for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	6.1	7.9	7.9	9.9	13.1	13.2							9.0
2023	6.6	8.0	7.6	9.9	13.3	17.4	14.9	15.8	15.2	11.9	8.7	7.9	11.4
2022	7.2	7.1	8.0	9.9	12.6	13.8	15.9	16.2	n/a	12.2	9.4	5.2	10.7
2021	5.0	6.7	7.9	9.0	10.4	13.3	17.5	16.4	15.2	11.9	9.3	7.6	10.9
LTA	6.1	6.1	7.3	9.0	11.5	13.8	15.4	15.4	13.5	10.8	8.3	6.5	10.3

Mean 10cm soil temperature for NEWPORT at 0900 UTC

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	4.2	6.5	6.5	9.5	13.6	n/a							8.1
2023	5.2	6.8	6.6	9.1	13.7	18.6	16.3	16.3	14.7	11.1	7.6	6.7	11.1
2022	6.2	6.2	6.3	9.3	13.2	14.8	16.8	16.6	n/a	11.5	8.4	4.4	10.4
2021	3.6	5.0	6.8	8.2	10.9	14.3	17.9	16.3	15.2	11.3	8.6	6.6	10.4
LTA	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Global Solar Radiation in Joules/cm2 for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	7248	12401	23032	39685	47333	3080							132779
2023	6245	10639	21429	37277	55732	58473	41797	36857	29338	16225	8326	4411	326749
2022	6311	10756	33399	40555	51569	47246	48439	51169	n/a	15988	7869	6167	319468
2021	6620	13347	20370	45694	55690	45488	49455	40490	22413	16358	7235	3780	326940
LTA	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Potential Evapotranspiration (mm) for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	15.4	18.2	36.0	56.9	74.7	4.1							205.3
2023	14.3	20.9	33.0	56.4	83.3	100.6	70.1	64.4	50.1	26.1	14.2	14.7	548.1
2022	13.7	23.0	47.2	60.6	77.7	76.0	80.4	82.0	n/a	27.2	17.2	9.2	514.2
2021	7.6	22.9	30.7	62.9	76.3	70.7	87.8	67.5	38.3	25.1	14.1	14.6	518.5
LTA	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Evaporation (mm) for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
2024	20.2	25.4	51.9	83.7	104.9	5.8							291.9
2023	18.8	28.2	47.6	81.6	118.2	137.1	99.5	89.1	67.8	35.5	18.4	19.0	760.8
2022	17.9	32.4	66.5	86.8	114.5	109.2	111.1	113.2	n/a	37.0	22.0	11.4	722.0
2021	10.9	32.1	45.4	89.9	111.2	102.0	117.2	93.5	52.1	34.7	18.6	19.1	726.7
LTA	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Degree Days Below 15.5 Degree Celsius for NEWPORT

Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Total
2024	293	221	234	169	91	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
2023	275	210	246	171	85	18	39	26	53	118	203	237	1681
2022	256	234	235	171	97	63	30	28	N/A	103	185	320	N/A
2021	325	247	236	200	167	79	20	23	40	114	187	245	1883

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Notes on the Data

Evaporation and PE data are calculated using Penman/Monteith formulae.
The ‘LTA’ (referred to within a table) is average for the climatological long-term-average (LTA) reference period 1981-2010.
Data updated daily at Mid-day.
To view the Weather Events for Public Works Contracts data, select a station first, then click the link just below the map.

Open data

Cumulative Rainfall Graphs

Temperature Departures from LTA

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